Features

A Guide to Implementing LLMs in Practice

Retina specialists can use AI to streamline their communication, if they do it carefully. Here’s how.

Fatima Kalabi, MD; Mohammad Hossein Amirhosseini, BSc, MSc, PhD; and Rodrigo Anguita, MBBS, MD, FEBO, FICO

Unlocking Clinical Trial Enrollment with AI Screening

It’s not a patient population problem. It’s a signal-extraction problem.

Sunil Gupta, MD, and Joshua Koo, MS, BS

A Potential Digital Co-Pilot in the Retina OR

AI systems may one day augment traditional surgical workflows to improve efficiency and patient outcomes.

Stanley Poh, MBBS, MMed (Ophth), FRCOphth, FAMS, and Daniel Ting, MD, PhD

Tackling the Documentation Burden

AI can synthesize outside records, draft visit notes, and translate retina jargon, but the physician remains responsible for every word.

Bradley S. Gundlach, MD; Haley S. Garrison, MD, MS; and Prashant D. Tailor, MD

AI Chatbots in the Retina Clinic

Large language models are not coming for your job. But they may redefine what your job looks like.

Fares Antaki, MDCM

What Aviation Can Teach Us About AI

Retina specialists looking to integrate new technology should seek a digital copilot, not autopilot.

Andreas Pollreisz, MD; Ariel Yuhan Ong, MBChB, FRCOphth; and Josef Huemer, MD, FEBO

Can OCTA Help Predict DR Progression?

Quantitative biomarkers may add a new dimension to the assessment and risk stratification of diabetic retinopathy.

Kallista Zhuang, BA; Shinji Kakihara, MD, PhD; and Amani A. Fawzi, MD

Pearls for Managing Complex Diabetic Vitrectomy

Diabetic tractional retinal detachments are challenging for even the most seasoned surgeons. Following these steps can help minimize complications.

Neil Sheth, MD, MBA, and Dimitra Skondra, MD, PhD

Global DR Screening: Why Aren’t We There Yet?

A look at the hope and hurdles of global screening implementation.

Majda Hadziahmetovic, MD; Michael D. Abramoff, MD, PhD; Abdullah AlQahtani, MD, DES, DISSO, FEBO; Gavin Tan Siew Wei, MBBS, PhD; Sobha Sivaprasad, MBBS, MS, DM, FRCS, FRCOphth; Lloyd Harrison-Williams, MD; and Jorge C. P. Rocha, MD, PhD

AI in DME: From Promise to Clinical Practice

New data show the growing utility of AI-assisted screening, referrals, and treatment response prediction.

Scott Song, BA, and T. Y. Alvin Liu, MD

The Potential of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

This novel class of drug may one day help to address the growing burden of diabetic eye disease.

Shawn Kavoussi, MD

A Look at Implants for Diabetic Eye Disease

A review of approved and emerging implant-based treatments for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema.

Matthew Pfannenstiel, MD, and Leanne M. Clevenger, MD

IRD Clinical Trial Endpoints: Lessons Learned

Choosing the right outcome measures for inherited retinal disease trials requires matching endpoints to disease biology, therapeutic mechanism, and patient experience.

Melissa Yuan, MD, and Ahmad Al Moujahed, MD, PhD

Genetic Testing in the Retina Practice

What’s changing and why it matters.

Timothy S. Lee, MD; Eric W. Lai, MD; and Sidney A. Schechet, MD

Therapies for IRDs: Moving Beyond Single-Gene Solutions

Emerging gene-agnostic strategies target shared pathways and offer options for IRD patients without mutation-specific therapies.

Aykut Demirkol, MD; Rajvir Solanky; Jayvin Hernandez-Reyes; Ilay Demirkol; and Kuzey Soydas

The Challenge of IRD in Children

Researchers are investigating ways to tackle delayed diagnosis, imaging complications, and unreliable access to genetic testing in pediatric care.

Angela S. Li, MD; Cesar Estrada-Puente, MD; Paula C. Morales, MD; and Ramiro Maldonado, MD

Rare Disease Mystery Cases

Can you diagnose these unusual cases based on the examination and imaging?

Kenneth C. Fan, MD, MBA; Caroline C. Awh, MD; Nimesh A. Patel, MD; Marta Stevanovic, MD, MSc; Maria Emfietzoglou, MD; Demetrios Vavvas, MD, PhD; Mary V. Lang; Lisa A. Schimmenti, MD; Brittni A. Scruggs, MD, PhD; Yicheng Bao, MD; and Hossein Ameri, MD, PhD, FRCSI, MRCOphth

Influence of Mediterranean-Style Diet on AMD

Our findings suggest certain dietary and lifestyle habits may confer long-term protective benefits.

Christopher Phung, BA; Beryl Zhou, BS; Robert Luca, BA; and Dimitra Skondra, MD, PhD

Predicting Progression to GA Using Imaging Biomarkers

Several OCT findings can help clinicians better understand a patient’s risk of progression to sight-threatening disease.

Kelly Donovan, MD, PhD, and Eleonora M. Lad, MD, PhD

PBM for AMD: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Clinical Integration

Photobiomodulation shows promise, but long-term data are needed.

Luis Acabá-Berrocal, MD, and Anton Orlin, MD